Atmospheric water harvesters — devices which pull water from the air — have often been overlooked as a potential solution because of their relatively low outputs in comparison to other technologies, like desalination. One of their benefits, however, is that they can be built to be small, modular and renewably powered — decoupling them from some of the more systemic barriers to access. The team knew that such devices would never be the only solution needed, but their hope was that it could help fill a critical gap in places where safely managed drinking water was needed most.

After three years of work, the team felt confident they could build a device that would produce water for $. per liter; however, it would have taken significant development work and iteration to prove feasibility at $. per liter. Additionally, the next phase of work for the project looked to be heavily focused on hardware integration and mass production expertise — not X’s sweet spot. During the course of the project, the team also saw many new organizations — including research groups, startups, and NGOs — springing up to work on ways to harvest drinking water from the air.

electrical installation electrical distribution power distribution electrotechnical guide IEC International Standards technical guide electrical installation design power distribution electrical power standards General rules of electrical installation design Connection to the MV utility distribution network Connection to the LV utility distribution network MV & LV architecture selection LV Distribution Protection against electric shocks and electric fires Protection against electric fires Sizing and protection of conductors LV switchgear functions and selection Overvoltage protection Energy efficiency in electrical distribution Power Factor Correction Harmonic management Characteristics of particular sources and loads Photovoltaic installations Electro Magnetic Compatibility Measurement

The HE team was a small, interdisciplinary team made up of scientists, development experts, engineers, geospatial analysts, user researchers and industrial designers who have long been passionate about the challenge of access to clean water. Drinking water access is often hindered by a range of complicated factors and structural challenges that vary from place to place, including proximity to existing water resources, local community infrastructure, governance issues and more. This is partially why in many places, piped water infrastructure could still be decades away.

After various iterations and user research studies, the team eventually built their most recent prototype model. This prototype ran on solar heat and was made from vacuum-formed parts — a manufacturing technique typically used to make small, disposable items, like takeaway food containers. Light and low cost, the team realized vacuum-forming also had the potential to form many of the larger parts of their device too.